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Карта Kiribati с городами на русском языке. Где находится Kiribati? Подробная карта Kiribati с курортами и регионами

Карта Kiribati с городами

Kiribati на карте мира

Островное государство на западе Тихого океана, состоящее из 16 островов и атоллов общей площадью 700 кв. км. Кирибати включает острова Гилберта, Лайн (Центральные Полинезийские Спорады), Феникс и Банаба (Ошен). Населяют острова, в основном, микронезийцы-кирибати. Столица — Байрики, расположена на аттоле Тарава. Страна небогатая, основной доход приносит выращивание кокосовых пальм, бананов, хлебного дерева и рыболовство. Туризм почти не развит, в год в страну приезжает всего 1 500 иностранцев.

Кирибати представляют собой атоллы, образовавшиеся в процессе обрастания вулканических островов кораллами. По версии ученых, атолл Тарава появился таким образом около 2 500 лет назад. Вершины и хребты подводных гор ограничивают котловину Тихого океана с востока. Всего Кирибати объединяет 32 низменных атолла и один поднятый — Банаба. Атоллы разделены на четыре группы: 16 островов архипелага Гилберта, остров Банаба, 8 островов архипелага Феникс и 8 архипелага Лайн. Между крайними западным и южным островами 4 000 километров.

Острова Гилберта занимают площадь около 279 кв. км и делятся на три группы по количеству осадков. В архипелаге Феникс 9 необитаемых и 1 обитаемый остров. В группе островов Лайн самый крупный атолл в мире — Киритимати или атолл Рождества, большинство островов непригодны для жизни. Разделены атоллы узкими проливами и почти на всех есть неглубокие соленые лагуны. Рельеф Кирибати плоский, самая высокая точка находится на Банабе — 81 метр.

Среднегодовая температура на островах — от +26 °С до +32 °C, максимально жарко бывает с сентября по ноябрь, холодные месяцы — январь, февраль и март. Климат преимущественно сухой, сезон дождей длится с октября по март, на северных островах осадков больше. Рек на атоллах нет, пресная вода выпадает с дождями, просачивается в почву и образует солоноватые подземные линзы. Это единственный источник питьевой воды, если не считать влаги, скопившейся в пальмовых листьях. Пресные озера есть только на островах Рождества и Вашингтон. Растительность Кирибати не слишком разнообразна, животный мир крайне беден — здесь водятся только полинезийская крыса и домашние свиньи и куры, зато в прибрежных водах много рыбы, морских обитателей и кораллов.